pub trait Distribution<T> {
    // Required method
    fn sample<R: Rng + ?Sized>(&self, rng: &mut R) -> T;

    // Provided methods
    fn sample_iter<R>(self, rng: R) -> DistIter<Self, R, T> 
       where R: Rng,
             Self: Sized { ... }
    fn map<F, S>(self, func: F) -> DistMap<Self, F, T, S>
       where F: Fn(T) -> S,
             Self: Sized { ... }
}
Expand description

Types (distributions) that can be used to create a random instance of T.

It is possible to sample from a distribution through both the Distribution and Rng traits, via distr.sample(&mut rng) and rng.sample(distr). They also both offer the sample_iter method, which produces an iterator that samples from the distribution.

All implementations are expected to be immutable; this has the significant advantage of not needing to consider thread safety, and for most distributions efficient state-less sampling algorithms are available.

Implementations are typically expected to be portable with reproducible results when used with a PRNG with fixed seed; see the portability chapter of The Rust Rand Book. In some cases this does not apply, e.g. the usize type requires different sampling on 32-bit and 64-bit machines.

Required Methods§

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fn sample<R: Rng + ?Sized>(&self, rng: &mut R) -> T

Generate a random value of T, using rng as the source of randomness.

Provided Methods§

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fn sample_iter<R>(self, rng: R) -> DistIter<Self, R, T> where R: Rng, Self: Sized,

Create an iterator that generates random values of T, using rng as the source of randomness.

Note that this function takes self by value. This works since Distribution<T> is impl’d for &D where D: Distribution<T>, however borrowing is not automatic hence distr.sample_iter(...) may need to be replaced with (&distr).sample_iter(...) to borrow or (&*distr).sample_iter(...) to reborrow an existing reference.

Example
use rand::thread_rng;
use rand::distributions::{Distribution, Alphanumeric, Uniform, Standard};

let mut rng = thread_rng();

// Vec of 16 x f32:
let v: Vec<f32> = Standard.sample_iter(&mut rng).take(16).collect();

// String:
let s: String = Alphanumeric
    .sample_iter(&mut rng)
    .take(7)
    .map(char::from)
    .collect();

// Dice-rolling:
let die_range = Uniform::new_inclusive(1, 6);
let mut roll_die = die_range.sample_iter(&mut rng);
while roll_die.next().unwrap() != 6 {
    println!("Not a 6; rolling again!");
}
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fn map<F, S>(self, func: F) -> DistMap<Self, F, T, S>where F: Fn(T) -> S, Self: Sized,

Create a distribution of values of ‘S’ by mapping the output of Self through the closure F

Example
use rand::thread_rng;
use rand::distributions::{Distribution, Uniform};

let mut rng = thread_rng();

let die = Uniform::new_inclusive(1, 6);
let even_number = die.map(|num| num % 2 == 0);
while !even_number.sample(&mut rng) {
    println!("Still odd; rolling again!");
}

Implementations on Foreign Types§

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impl<'a, T, D: Distribution<T>> Distribution<T> for &'a D

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fn sample<R: Rng + ?Sized>(&self, rng: &mut R) -> T

Implementors§

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impl Distribution<bool> for Bernoulli

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impl Distribution<bool> for Standard

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impl Distribution<char> for Standard

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impl Distribution<f32> for Open01

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impl Distribution<f32> for OpenClosed01

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impl Distribution<f32> for Standard

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impl Distribution<f64> for Open01

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impl Distribution<f64> for OpenClosed01

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impl Distribution<f64> for Standard

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impl Distribution<i8> for Standard

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impl Distribution<i16> for Standard

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impl Distribution<i32> for Standard

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impl Distribution<i64> for Standard

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impl Distribution<i128> for Standard

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impl Distribution<isize> for Standard

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impl Distribution<u8> for Alphanumeric

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impl Distribution<u8> for Standard

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impl Distribution<u16> for Standard

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impl Distribution<u32> for Standard

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impl Distribution<u64> for Standard

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impl Distribution<u128> for Standard

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impl Distribution<()> for Standard

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impl Distribution<usize> for Standard

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impl Distribution<NonZeroU8> for Standard

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impl Distribution<NonZeroU16> for Standard

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impl Distribution<NonZeroU32> for Standard

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impl Distribution<NonZeroU64> for Standard

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impl Distribution<NonZeroU128> for Standard

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impl Distribution<NonZeroUsize> for Standard

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impl<'a, T> Distribution<&'a T> for Slice<'a, T>

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impl<A> Distribution<(A,)> for Standardwhere Standard: Distribution<A>,

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impl<A, B> Distribution<(A, B)> for Standardwhere Standard: Distribution<A> + Distribution<B>,

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impl<A, B, C> Distribution<(A, B, C)> for Standardwhere Standard: Distribution<A> + Distribution<B> + Distribution<C>,

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impl<A, B, C, D> Distribution<(A, B, C, D)> for Standardwhere Standard: Distribution<A> + Distribution<B> + Distribution<C> + Distribution<D>,

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impl<A, B, C, D, E> Distribution<(A, B, C, D, E)> for Standardwhere Standard: Distribution<A> + Distribution<B> + Distribution<C> + Distribution<D> + Distribution<E>,

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impl<A, B, C, D, E, F> Distribution<(A, B, C, D, E, F)> for Standardwhere Standard: Distribution<A> + Distribution<B> + Distribution<C> + Distribution<D> + Distribution<E> + Distribution<F>,

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impl<A, B, C, D, E, F, G> Distribution<(A, B, C, D, E, F, G)> for Standardwhere Standard: Distribution<A> + Distribution<B> + Distribution<C> + Distribution<D> + Distribution<E> + Distribution<F> + Distribution<G>,

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impl<A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H> Distribution<(A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H)> for Standardwhere Standard: Distribution<A> + Distribution<B> + Distribution<C> + Distribution<D> + Distribution<E> + Distribution<F> + Distribution<G> + Distribution<H>,

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impl<A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I> Distribution<(A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I)> for Standardwhere Standard: Distribution<A> + Distribution<B> + Distribution<C> + Distribution<D> + Distribution<E> + Distribution<F> + Distribution<G> + Distribution<H> + Distribution<I>,

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impl<A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J> Distribution<(A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J)> for Standardwhere Standard: Distribution<A> + Distribution<B> + Distribution<C> + Distribution<D> + Distribution<E> + Distribution<F> + Distribution<G> + Distribution<H> + Distribution<I> + Distribution<J>,

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impl<A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K> Distribution<(A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K)> for Standardwhere Standard: Distribution<A> + Distribution<B> + Distribution<C> + Distribution<D> + Distribution<E> + Distribution<F> + Distribution<G> + Distribution<H> + Distribution<I> + Distribution<J> + Distribution<K>,

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impl<A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L> Distribution<(A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L)> for Standardwhere Standard: Distribution<A> + Distribution<B> + Distribution<C> + Distribution<D> + Distribution<E> + Distribution<F> + Distribution<G> + Distribution<H> + Distribution<I> + Distribution<J> + Distribution<K> + Distribution<L>,

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impl<D, F, T, S> Distribution<S> for DistMap<D, F, T, S>where D: Distribution<T>, F: Fn(T) -> S,

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impl<T> Distribution<Option<T>> for Standardwhere Standard: Distribution<T>,

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impl<T> Distribution<[T; 0]> for Standard

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impl<T> Distribution<[T; 1]> for Standardwhere Standard: Distribution<T>,

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impl<T> Distribution<[T; 2]> for Standardwhere Standard: Distribution<T>,

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impl<T> Distribution<[T; 3]> for Standardwhere Standard: Distribution<T>,

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impl<T> Distribution<[T; 4]> for Standardwhere Standard: Distribution<T>,

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impl<T> Distribution<[T; 5]> for Standardwhere Standard: Distribution<T>,

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impl<T> Distribution<[T; 6]> for Standardwhere Standard: Distribution<T>,

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impl<T> Distribution<[T; 7]> for Standardwhere Standard: Distribution<T>,

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impl<T> Distribution<[T; 8]> for Standardwhere Standard: Distribution<T>,

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impl<T> Distribution<[T; 9]> for Standardwhere Standard: Distribution<T>,

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impl<T> Distribution<[T; 10]> for Standardwhere Standard: Distribution<T>,

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impl<T> Distribution<[T; 11]> for Standardwhere Standard: Distribution<T>,

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impl<T> Distribution<[T; 12]> for Standardwhere Standard: Distribution<T>,

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impl<T> Distribution<[T; 13]> for Standardwhere Standard: Distribution<T>,

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impl<T> Distribution<[T; 14]> for Standardwhere Standard: Distribution<T>,

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impl<T> Distribution<[T; 15]> for Standardwhere Standard: Distribution<T>,

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impl<T> Distribution<[T; 16]> for Standardwhere Standard: Distribution<T>,

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impl<T> Distribution<[T; 17]> for Standardwhere Standard: Distribution<T>,

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impl<T> Distribution<[T; 18]> for Standardwhere Standard: Distribution<T>,

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impl<T> Distribution<[T; 19]> for Standardwhere Standard: Distribution<T>,

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impl<T> Distribution<[T; 20]> for Standardwhere Standard: Distribution<T>,

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impl<T> Distribution<[T; 21]> for Standardwhere Standard: Distribution<T>,

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impl<T> Distribution<[T; 22]> for Standardwhere Standard: Distribution<T>,

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impl<T> Distribution<[T; 23]> for Standardwhere Standard: Distribution<T>,

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impl<T> Distribution<[T; 24]> for Standardwhere Standard: Distribution<T>,

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impl<T> Distribution<[T; 25]> for Standardwhere Standard: Distribution<T>,

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impl<T> Distribution<[T; 26]> for Standardwhere Standard: Distribution<T>,

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impl<T> Distribution<[T; 27]> for Standardwhere Standard: Distribution<T>,

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impl<T> Distribution<[T; 28]> for Standardwhere Standard: Distribution<T>,

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impl<T> Distribution<[T; 29]> for Standardwhere Standard: Distribution<T>,

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impl<T> Distribution<[T; 30]> for Standardwhere Standard: Distribution<T>,

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impl<T> Distribution<[T; 31]> for Standardwhere Standard: Distribution<T>,

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impl<T> Distribution<[T; 32]> for Standardwhere Standard: Distribution<T>,

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impl<T> Distribution<Wrapping<T>> for Standardwhere Standard: Distribution<T>,

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impl<X> Distribution<usize> for WeightedIndex<X>where X: SampleUniform + PartialOrd,

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impl<X: SampleUniform> Distribution<X> for Uniform<X>