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quick_cache/
lib.rs

1//! Lightweight, high performance concurrent cache. It allows very fast access to the cached items
2//! with little overhead compared to a plain concurrent hash table. No allocations are ever performed
3//! unless the cache internal state table needs growing (which will eventually stabilize).
4//!
5//! # Eviction policy
6//!
7//! The current eviction policy is a modified version of the Clock-PRO algorithm, very similar to the
8//! later published S3-FIFO algorithm. It's "scan resistent" and provides high hit rates,
9//! significantly better than a LRU eviction policy and comparable to other state-of-the art algorithms
10//! like W-TinyLFU.
11//!
12//! # Thread safety and Concurrency
13//!
14//! Both `sync` (thread-safe) and `unsync` (non thread-safe) implementations are provided. The latter
15//! offers slightly better performance when thread safety is not required.
16//!
17//! # Equivalent keys
18//!
19//! The cache uses the [`Equivalent`](https://docs.rs/equivalent/1.0.1/equivalent/trait.Equivalent.html) trait
20//! for gets/removals. It can help work around the `Borrow` limitations.
21//! For example, if the cache key is a tuple `(K, Q)`, you wouldn't be able to access such keys without
22//! building a `&(K, Q)` and thus potentially cloning `K` and/or `Q`.
23//!
24//! # User defined weight
25//!
26//! By implementing the [Weighter] trait the user can define different weights for each cache entry.
27//!
28//! # Atomic operations
29//!
30//! By using the `get_or_insert` or `get_value_or_guard` family of functions (both sync and async variants
31//! are available, they can be mix and matched) the user can coordinate the insertion of entries, so only
32//! one value is "computed" and inserted after a cache miss.
33//!
34//! The `entry` family of functions provide a closure-based API for atomically
35//! inspecting and acting on existing entries (keep, remove, or replace) while also coordinating
36//! insertion on cache misses.
37//!
38//! # Lifecycle hooks
39//!
40//! A user can optionally provide a custom [Lifecycle] implementation to hook into the lifecycle of cache entries.
41//!
42//! Example use cases:
43//! * item pinning, so even if the item occupies weight but isn't allowed to be evicted
44//! * send evicted items to a channel, achieving the equivalent to an eviction listener feature.
45//! * zero out item weights so they are left in the cache instead of evicted.
46//!
47//! # Approximate memory usage
48//!
49//! The memory overhead per entry is `21` bytes.
50//!
51//! The memory usage of the cache data structures can be estimated as:
52//! `(size_of::<K>() + size_of::<V>() + 21) * (length * 1.5).next_power_of_two()`
53//!
54//! Actual memory usage may vary depending on the cache options and the key and value types, which can have external
55//! allocations (e.g. `String`, `Vec`, etc.). The above formula only accounts for the cache's data structures.
56//!
57//! The `1.5` value in the formula above results from `1 + G`, where `G` is the configured ghost allocation specified
58//! in [`OptionsBuilder::ghost_allocation`], which is `0.5` by default.
59//!
60//! # Hasher
61//!
62//! By default the crate uses [ahash](https://crates.io/crates/ahash), which is enabled (by default) via
63//! a crate feature with the same name. If the `ahash` feature is disabled the crate defaults to the std lib
64//! implementation instead (currently Siphash13). Note that a custom hasher can also be provided if desirable.
65//!
66//! # Synchronization primitives
67//!
68//! By default the crate uses [parking_lot](https://crates.io/crates/parking_lot), which is enabled (by default) via
69//! a crate feature with the same name. If `parking_lot` is disabled and `sharded-lock` is enabled, the crate uses
70//! [`crossbeam_utils::sync::ShardedLock`](https://docs.rs/crossbeam-utils/latest/crossbeam_utils/sync/struct.ShardedLock.html)
71//! from [crossbeam-utils](https://crates.io/crates/crossbeam-utils) instead. If both are disabled the crate defaults
72//! to the std lib implementation. The `parking_lot` and `sharded-lock` features are mutually exclusive.
73//!
74//! # Cargo Features
75//!
76//! | Feature | Default | Description |
77//! |---------|---------|-------------|
78//! | `ahash` | ✓ | Use [ahash](https://crates.io/crates/ahash) as the default hasher. When disabled, falls back to std lib's `RandomState` (currently SipHash-1-3). |
79//! | `parking_lot` | ✓ | Use [parking_lot](https://crates.io/crates/parking_lot) for synchronization primitives. Mutually exclusive with `sharded-lock`. |
80//! | `sharded-lock` | | Use [`crossbeam_utils::sync::ShardedLock`](https://docs.rs/crossbeam-utils/latest/crossbeam_utils/sync/struct.ShardedLock.html) for synchronization primitives. Mutually exclusive with `parking_lot`. |
81//! | `shuttle` | | Enable [shuttle](https://crates.io/crates/shuttle) testing support for concurrency testing. |
82//! | `stats` | | Enable cache statistics tracking via the `hits()` and `misses()` methods. |
83#![allow(clippy::type_complexity)]
84#![cfg_attr(docsrs, feature(doc_cfg))]
85
86#[cfg(all(feature = "parking_lot", feature = "sharded-lock"))]
87compile_error!("features `parking_lot` and `sharded-lock` are mutually exclusive");
88
89#[cfg(not(fuzzing))]
90mod linked_slab;
91#[cfg(fuzzing)]
92pub mod linked_slab;
93mod options;
94#[cfg(not(feature = "shuttle"))]
95mod rw_lock;
96mod shard;
97mod shim;
98/// Concurrent cache variants that can be used from multiple threads.
99pub mod sync;
100mod sync_placeholder;
101/// Non-concurrent cache variants.
102pub mod unsync;
103pub use equivalent::Equivalent;
104
105#[cfg(all(test, feature = "shuttle"))]
106mod shuttle_tests;
107
108pub use options::{Options, OptionsBuilder};
109
110#[cfg(feature = "ahash")]
111pub type DefaultHashBuilder = ahash::RandomState;
112#[cfg(not(feature = "ahash"))]
113pub type DefaultHashBuilder = std::collections::hash_map::RandomState;
114
115/// Defines the weight of a cache entry.
116///
117/// # Example
118///
119/// ```
120/// use quick_cache::{sync::Cache, Weighter};
121///
122/// #[derive(Clone)]
123/// struct StringWeighter;
124///
125/// impl Weighter<u64, String> for StringWeighter {
126///     fn weight(&self, _key: &u64, val: &String) -> u64 {
127///         // Be cautious about zero weights!
128///         val.len() as u64
129///     }
130/// }
131///
132/// let cache = Cache::with_weighter(100, 100_000, StringWeighter);
133/// cache.insert(1, "1".to_string());
134/// ```
135pub trait Weighter<Key, Val> {
136    /// Returns the weight of the cache item.
137    ///
138    /// For performance reasons, this function should be trivially cheap as
139    /// it's called during the cache eviction routine.
140    /// If weight is expensive to calculate, consider caching it alongside the value.
141    ///
142    /// Zero (0) weight items are allowed and will be ignored when looking for eviction
143    /// candidates. Such items can only be manually removed or overwritten.
144    ///
145    /// Note that it's undefined behavior for a cache item to change its weight.
146    /// The only exception to this is when Lifecycle::before_evict is called.
147    ///
148    /// It's also undefined behavior in release mode if the summing of weights overflows,
149    /// although this is unlikely to be a problem in practice.
150    fn weight(&self, key: &Key, val: &Val) -> u64;
151}
152
153/// Each cache entry weights exactly `1` unit of weight.
154#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default)]
155pub struct UnitWeighter;
156
157impl<Key, Val> Weighter<Key, Val> for UnitWeighter {
158    #[inline]
159    fn weight(&self, _key: &Key, _val: &Val) -> u64 {
160        1
161    }
162}
163
164/// Hooks into the lifetime of the cache items.
165///
166/// The functions should be small and very fast, otherwise the cache performance might be negatively affected.
167pub trait Lifecycle<Key, Val> {
168    type RequestState;
169
170    /// Returns whether the item is pinned. Items that are pinned can't be evicted.
171    /// Note that a pinned item can still be replaced with get_mut, insert, replace and similar APIs.
172    ///
173    /// Compared to zero (0) weight items, pinned items still consume (non-zero) weight even if they can't
174    /// be evicted. Furthermore, zero (0) weight items are separated from the other entries, which allows
175    /// having a large number of them without impacting performance, but moving them in/out or the evictable
176    /// section has a small cost. Pinning on the other hand doesn't separate entries, so during eviction
177    /// the cache may visit pinned entries but will ignore them.
178    #[allow(unused_variables)]
179    #[inline]
180    fn is_pinned(&self, key: &Key, val: &Val) -> bool {
181        false
182    }
183
184    /// Called before the insert request starts, e.g.: insert, replace.
185    fn begin_request(&self) -> Self::RequestState;
186
187    /// Called when a cache item is about to be evicted.
188    /// Note that value replacement (e.g. insertions for the same key) won't call this method.
189    ///
190    /// This is the only time the item can change its weight. If the item weight becomes zero (0) it
191    /// will be left in the cache, otherwise it'll still be removed. Zero (0) weight items aren't evictable
192    /// and are kept separated from the other items so it's possible to have a large number of them without
193    /// negatively affecting eviction performance.
194    #[allow(unused_variables)]
195    #[inline]
196    fn before_evict(&self, state: &mut Self::RequestState, key: &Key, val: &mut Val) {}
197
198    /// Called when an item is evicted.
199    ///
200    /// To distinguish evictions from the hot vs cold queues, override
201    /// [`Lifecycle::on_evict_hot`] and/or [`Lifecycle::on_evict_cold`] instead;
202    /// they default to delegating here.
203    ///
204    /// If none of `on_evict`, `on_evict_hot`, or `on_evict_cold` is overridden,
205    /// eviction notifications are silently dropped.
206    ///
207    /// Note: items that are rejected without ever being admitted to the cache
208    /// (oversized inserts and oversized placeholder values) are routed through
209    /// [`Lifecycle::on_evict_cold`], which by default reaches this method.
210    #[allow(unused_variables)]
211    #[inline]
212    fn on_evict(&self, state: &mut Self::RequestState, key: Key, val: Val) {}
213
214    /// Called when an item is evicted from the cold queue.
215    ///
216    /// By default delegates to [`Lifecycle::on_evict`].
217    ///
218    /// Note: items that are rejected without ever being admitted to the cache
219    /// (oversized inserts and oversized placeholder values) are also reported
220    /// via this method.
221    #[inline]
222    fn on_evict_cold(&self, state: &mut Self::RequestState, key: Key, val: Val) {
223        self.on_evict(state, key, val)
224    }
225
226    /// Called when an item is evicted from the hot queue.
227    ///
228    /// By default delegates to [`Lifecycle::on_evict`].
229    ///
230    /// Note: rejected (never-admitted) items are reported via
231    /// [`Lifecycle::on_evict_cold`], not this method.
232    #[inline]
233    fn on_evict_hot(&self, state: &mut Self::RequestState, key: Key, val: Val) {
234        self.on_evict(state, key, val)
235    }
236
237    /// Called after a request finishes, e.g.: insert, replace.
238    ///
239    /// Notes:
240    /// This will _not_ be called when using `_with_lifecycle` apis, which will return the RequestState instead.
241    /// This will _not_ be called if the request errored (e.g. a replace didn't find a value to replace).
242    /// If needed, Drop for RequestState can be used to detect these cases.
243    #[allow(unused_variables)]
244    #[inline]
245    fn end_request(&self, state: Self::RequestState) {}
246}
247
248/// The memory used by the cache
249///
250/// This struct exposes some implementation details, may change in the future
251#[non_exhaustive]
252#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone)]
253pub struct MemoryUsed {
254    pub entries: usize,
255    pub map: usize,
256}
257
258impl MemoryUsed {
259    pub fn total(&self) -> usize {
260        self.entries + self.map
261    }
262}
263
264#[cfg(test)]
265mod tests {
266    use std::{
267        hash::Hash,
268        sync::{atomic::AtomicUsize, Arc},
269        time::Duration,
270    };
271
272    use super::*;
273    #[derive(Clone)]
274    struct StringWeighter;
275
276    impl Weighter<u64, String> for StringWeighter {
277        fn weight(&self, _key: &u64, val: &String) -> u64 {
278            val.len() as u64
279        }
280    }
281
282    #[test]
283    fn test_new() {
284        sync::Cache::<(u64, u64), u64>::new(0);
285        sync::Cache::<(u64, u64), u64>::new(1);
286        sync::Cache::<(u64, u64), u64>::new(2);
287        sync::Cache::<(u64, u64), u64>::new(3);
288        sync::Cache::<(u64, u64), u64>::new(usize::MAX);
289        sync::Cache::<u64, u64>::new(0);
290        sync::Cache::<u64, u64>::new(1);
291        sync::Cache::<u64, u64>::new(2);
292        sync::Cache::<u64, u64>::new(3);
293        sync::Cache::<u64, u64>::new(usize::MAX);
294    }
295
296    #[test]
297    fn test_capacity_one() {
298        // Sync cache with capacity 1 should be able to hold one item
299        let cache = sync::Cache::<u64, u64>::new(1);
300        cache.insert(1, 10);
301        assert_eq!(cache.get(&1), Some(10));
302        // Inserting a second key should evict the first
303        cache.insert(2, 20);
304        assert_eq!(cache.get(&2), Some(20));
305        assert_eq!(cache.get(&1), None);
306
307        // Unsync cache with capacity 1 should also work
308        let mut cache = unsync::Cache::<u64, u64>::new(1);
309        cache.insert(1, 10);
310        assert_eq!(cache.get(&1), Some(&10));
311        cache.insert(2, 20);
312        assert_eq!(cache.get(&2), Some(&20));
313        assert_eq!(cache.get(&1), None);
314
315        // Capacity 0 should store nothing
316        let cache = sync::Cache::<u64, u64>::new(0);
317        cache.insert(1, 10);
318        assert_eq!(cache.get(&1), None);
319    }
320
321    #[test]
322    fn test_custom_cost() {
323        let cache = sync::Cache::with_weighter(100, 100_000, StringWeighter);
324        cache.insert(1, "1".to_string());
325        cache.insert(54, "54".to_string());
326        cache.insert(1000, "1000".to_string());
327        assert_eq!(cache.get(&1000).unwrap(), "1000");
328    }
329
330    #[test]
331    fn test_change_get_mut_change_weight() {
332        let mut cache = unsync::Cache::with_weighter(100, 100_000, StringWeighter);
333        cache.insert(1, "1".to_string());
334        assert_eq!(cache.get(&1).unwrap(), "1");
335        assert_eq!(cache.weight(), 1);
336        let _old = {
337            cache
338                .get_mut(&1)
339                .map(|mut v| std::mem::replace(&mut *v, "11".to_string()))
340        };
341        let _old = {
342            cache
343                .get_mut(&1)
344                .map(|mut v| std::mem::replace(&mut *v, "".to_string()))
345        };
346        assert_eq!(cache.get(&1).unwrap(), "");
347        assert_eq!(cache.weight(), 0);
348        cache.validate(false);
349    }
350
351    #[derive(Debug, Hash)]
352    pub struct Pair<A, B>(pub A, pub B);
353
354    impl<A, B, C, D> PartialEq<(A, B)> for Pair<C, D>
355    where
356        C: PartialEq<A>,
357        D: PartialEq<B>,
358    {
359        fn eq(&self, rhs: &(A, B)) -> bool {
360            self.0 == rhs.0 && self.1 == rhs.1
361        }
362    }
363
364    impl<A, B, X> Equivalent<X> for Pair<A, B>
365    where
366        Pair<A, B>: PartialEq<X>,
367        A: Hash + Eq,
368        B: Hash + Eq,
369    {
370        fn equivalent(&self, other: &X) -> bool {
371            *self == *other
372        }
373    }
374
375    #[test]
376    fn test_equivalent() {
377        let mut cache = unsync::Cache::new(5);
378        cache.insert(("square".to_string(), 2022), "blue".to_string());
379        cache.insert(("square".to_string(), 2023), "black".to_string());
380        assert_eq!(cache.get(&Pair("square", 2022)).unwrap(), "blue");
381    }
382
383    #[test]
384    fn test_borrow_keys() {
385        let cache = sync::Cache::<(Vec<u8>, Vec<u8>), u64>::new(0);
386        cache.get(&Pair(&b""[..], &b""[..]));
387        let cache = sync::Cache::<(String, String), u64>::new(0);
388        cache.get(&Pair("", ""));
389    }
390
391    #[test]
392    #[cfg_attr(miri, ignore)]
393    fn test_get_or_insert() {
394        use rand::prelude::*;
395        for _i in 0..2000 {
396            dbg!(_i);
397            let mut entered = AtomicUsize::default();
398            let cache = sync::Cache::<(u64, u64), u64>::new(100);
399            const THREADS: usize = 100;
400            let wg = std::sync::Barrier::new(THREADS);
401            let solve_at = rand::rng().random_range(0..THREADS);
402            std::thread::scope(|s| {
403                for _ in 0..THREADS {
404                    s.spawn(|| {
405                        wg.wait();
406                        let result = cache.get_or_insert_with(&(1, 1), || {
407                            let before = entered.fetch_add(1, std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Relaxed);
408                            if before == solve_at {
409                                Ok(1)
410                            } else {
411                                Err(())
412                            }
413                        });
414                        assert!(matches!(result, Ok(1) | Err(())));
415                    });
416                }
417            });
418            assert_eq!(*entered.get_mut(), solve_at + 1);
419        }
420    }
421
422    #[test]
423    fn test_get_or_insert_unsync() {
424        let mut cache = unsync::Cache::<u64, u64>::new(100);
425        let guard = cache.get_ref_or_guard(&0).unwrap_err();
426        guard.insert(0);
427        assert_eq!(cache.get_ref_or_guard(&0).ok().copied(), Some(0));
428        let guard = cache.get_mut_or_guard(&1).err().unwrap();
429        guard.insert(1);
430        let v = *cache.get_mut_or_guard(&1).ok().unwrap().unwrap();
431        assert_eq!(v, 1);
432        let result = cache.get_or_insert_with::<_, ()>(&0, || panic!());
433        assert_eq!(result, Ok(Some(&0)));
434        let result = cache.get_or_insert_with::<_, ()>(&1, || panic!());
435        assert_eq!(result, Ok(Some(&1)));
436        let result = cache.get_or_insert_with::<_, ()>(&3, || Ok(3));
437        assert_eq!(result, Ok(Some(&3)));
438        let result = cache.get_or_insert_with::<_, ()>(&4, || Err(()));
439        assert_eq!(result, Err(()));
440    }
441
442    #[tokio::test]
443    async fn test_get_or_insert_sync() {
444        use crate::sync::*;
445        let cache = sync::Cache::<u64, u64>::new(100);
446        let GuardResult::Guard(guard) = cache.get_value_or_guard(&0, None) else {
447            panic!();
448        };
449        guard.insert(0).unwrap();
450        let GuardResult::Value(v) = cache.get_value_or_guard(&0, None) else {
451            panic!();
452        };
453        assert_eq!(v, 0);
454        let Err(guard) = cache.get_value_or_guard_async(&1).await else {
455            panic!();
456        };
457        guard.insert(1).unwrap();
458        let Ok(v) = cache.get_value_or_guard_async(&1).await else {
459            panic!();
460        };
461        assert_eq!(v, 1);
462
463        let result = cache.get_or_insert_with::<_, ()>(&0, || panic!());
464        assert_eq!(result, Ok(0));
465        let result = cache.get_or_insert_with::<_, ()>(&3, || Ok(3));
466        assert_eq!(result, Ok(3));
467        let result = cache.get_or_insert_with::<_, ()>(&4, || Err(()));
468        assert_eq!(result, Err(()));
469        let result = cache
470            .get_or_insert_async::<_, ()>(&0, async { panic!() })
471            .await;
472        assert_eq!(result, Ok(0));
473        let result = cache
474            .get_or_insert_async::<_, ()>(&4, async { Err(()) })
475            .await;
476        assert_eq!(result, Err(()));
477        let result = cache
478            .get_or_insert_async::<_, ()>(&4, async { Ok(4) })
479            .await;
480        assert_eq!(result, Ok(4));
481    }
482
483    #[test]
484    fn test_retain_unsync() {
485        let mut cache = unsync::Cache::<u64, u64>::new(100);
486        let ranges = 0..10;
487        for i in ranges.clone() {
488            let guard = cache.get_ref_or_guard(&i).unwrap_err();
489            guard.insert(i);
490            assert_eq!(cache.get_ref_or_guard(&i).ok().copied(), Some(i));
491        }
492        let small = 3;
493        cache.retain(|&key, &val| val > small && key > small);
494        for i in ranges.clone() {
495            let actual = cache.get(&i);
496            if i > small {
497                assert!(actual.is_some());
498                assert_eq!(*actual.unwrap(), i);
499            } else {
500                assert!(actual.is_none());
501            }
502        }
503        let big = 7;
504        cache.retain(|&key, &val| val < big && key < big);
505        for i in ranges {
506            let actual = cache.get(&i);
507            if i > small && i < big {
508                assert!(actual.is_some());
509                assert_eq!(*actual.unwrap(), i);
510            } else {
511                assert!(actual.is_none());
512            }
513        }
514    }
515
516    #[tokio::test]
517    async fn test_retain_sync() {
518        use crate::sync::*;
519        let cache = Cache::<u64, u64>::new(100);
520        let ranges = 0..10;
521        for i in ranges.clone() {
522            let GuardResult::Guard(guard) = cache.get_value_or_guard(&i, None) else {
523                panic!();
524            };
525            guard.insert(i).unwrap();
526            let GuardResult::Value(v) = cache.get_value_or_guard(&i, None) else {
527                panic!();
528            };
529            assert_eq!(v, i);
530        }
531        let small = 4;
532        cache.retain(|&key, &val| val > small && key > small);
533        for i in ranges.clone() {
534            let actual = cache.get(&i);
535            if i > small {
536                assert!(actual.is_some());
537                assert_eq!(actual.unwrap(), i);
538            } else {
539                assert!(actual.is_none());
540            }
541        }
542        let big = 8;
543        cache.retain(|&key, &val| val < big && key < big);
544        for i in ranges {
545            let actual = cache.get(&i);
546            if i > small && i < big {
547                assert!(actual.is_some());
548                assert_eq!(actual.unwrap(), i);
549            } else {
550                assert!(actual.is_none());
551            }
552        }
553    }
554
555    #[test]
556    #[cfg_attr(miri, ignore)]
557    fn test_value_or_guard() {
558        use crate::sync::*;
559        use rand::prelude::*;
560        for _i in 0..2000 {
561            dbg!(_i);
562            let mut entered = AtomicUsize::default();
563            let cache = sync::Cache::<(u64, u64), u64>::new(100);
564            const THREADS: usize = 100;
565            let wg = std::sync::Barrier::new(THREADS);
566            let solve_at = rand::rng().random_range(0..THREADS);
567            std::thread::scope(|s| {
568                for _ in 0..THREADS {
569                    s.spawn(|| {
570                        wg.wait();
571                        loop {
572                            match cache.get_value_or_guard(&(1, 1), Some(Duration::from_millis(1)))
573                            {
574                                GuardResult::Value(v) => assert_eq!(v, 1),
575                                GuardResult::Guard(g) => {
576                                    let before =
577                                        entered.fetch_add(1, std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Relaxed);
578                                    if before == solve_at {
579                                        g.insert(1).unwrap();
580                                    }
581                                }
582                                GuardResult::Timeout => continue,
583                            }
584                            break;
585                        }
586                    });
587                }
588            });
589            assert_eq!(*entered.get_mut(), solve_at + 1);
590        }
591    }
592
593    #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
594    #[cfg_attr(miri, ignore)]
595    async fn test_get_or_insert_async() {
596        use rand::prelude::*;
597        for _i in 0..5000 {
598            dbg!(_i);
599            let entered = Arc::new(AtomicUsize::default());
600            let cache = Arc::new(sync::Cache::<(u64, u64), u64>::new(100));
601            const TASKS: usize = 100;
602            let wg = Arc::new(tokio::sync::Barrier::new(TASKS));
603            let solve_at = rand::rng().random_range(0..TASKS);
604            let mut tasks = Vec::new();
605            for _ in 0..TASKS {
606                let cache = cache.clone();
607                let wg = wg.clone();
608                let entered = entered.clone();
609                let task = tokio::spawn(async move {
610                    wg.wait().await;
611                    let result = cache
612                        .get_or_insert_async(&(1, 1), async {
613                            let before = entered.fetch_add(1, std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Relaxed);
614                            if before == solve_at {
615                                Ok(1)
616                            } else {
617                                Err(())
618                            }
619                        })
620                        .await;
621                    assert!(matches!(result, Ok(1) | Err(())));
622                });
623                tasks.push(task);
624            }
625            for task in tasks {
626                task.await.unwrap();
627            }
628            assert_eq!(cache.get(&(1, 1)), Some(1));
629            assert_eq!(
630                entered.load(std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Relaxed),
631                solve_at + 1
632            );
633        }
634    }
635
636    #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
637    #[cfg_attr(miri, ignore)]
638    async fn test_value_or_guard_async() {
639        use rand::prelude::*;
640        for _i in 0..5000 {
641            dbg!(_i);
642            let entered = Arc::new(AtomicUsize::default());
643            let cache = Arc::new(sync::Cache::<(u64, u64), u64>::new(100));
644            const TASKS: usize = 100;
645            let wg = Arc::new(tokio::sync::Barrier::new(TASKS));
646            let solve_at = rand::rng().random_range(0..TASKS);
647            let mut tasks = Vec::new();
648            for _ in 0..TASKS {
649                let cache = cache.clone();
650                let wg = wg.clone();
651                let entered = entered.clone();
652                let task = tokio::spawn(async move {
653                    wg.wait().await;
654                    loop {
655                        match tokio::time::timeout(
656                            Duration::from_millis(1),
657                            cache.get_value_or_guard_async(&(1, 1)),
658                        )
659                        .await
660                        {
661                            Ok(Ok(r)) => assert_eq!(r, 1),
662                            Ok(Err(g)) => {
663                                let before =
664                                    entered.fetch_add(1, std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Relaxed);
665                                if before == solve_at {
666                                    g.insert(1).unwrap();
667                                }
668                            }
669                            Err(_) => continue,
670                        }
671                        break;
672                    }
673                });
674                tasks.push(task);
675            }
676            for task in tasks {
677                task.await.unwrap();
678            }
679            assert_eq!(cache.get(&(1, 1)), Some(1));
680            assert_eq!(
681                entered.load(std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Relaxed),
682                solve_at + 1
683            );
684        }
685    }
686}