Trait core::default::Default

1.0.0 · source ·
pub trait Default: Sized {
    // Required method
    fn default() -> Self;
}
Expand description

A trait for giving a type a useful default value.

Sometimes, you want to fall back to some kind of default value, and don’t particularly care what it is. This comes up often with structs that define a set of options:

struct SomeOptions {
    foo: i32,
    bar: f32,
}
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How can we define some default values? You can use Default:

#[derive(Default)]
struct SomeOptions {
    foo: i32,
    bar: f32,
}

fn main() {
    let options: SomeOptions = Default::default();
}
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Now, you get all of the default values. Rust implements Default for various primitives types.

If you want to override a particular option, but still retain the other defaults:

fn main() {
    let options = SomeOptions { foo: 42, ..Default::default() };
}
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Derivable

This trait can be used with #[derive] if all of the type’s fields implement Default. When derived, it will use the default value for each field’s type.

enums

When using #[derive(Default)] on an enum, you need to choose which unit variant will be default. You do this by placing the #[default] attribute on the variant.

#[derive(Default)]
enum Kind {
    #[default]
    A,
    B,
    C,
}
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You cannot use the #[default] attribute on non-unit or non-exhaustive variants.

How can I implement Default?

Provide an implementation for the default() method that returns the value of your type that should be the default:

enum Kind {
    A,
    B,
    C,
}

impl Default for Kind {
    fn default() -> Self { Kind::A }
}
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Examples

#[derive(Default)]
struct SomeOptions {
    foo: i32,
    bar: f32,
}
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Required Methods§

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fn default() -> Self

Returns the “default value” for a type.

Default values are often some kind of initial value, identity value, or anything else that may make sense as a default.

Examples

Using built-in default values:

let i: i8 = Default::default();
let (x, y): (Option<String>, f64) = Default::default();
let (a, b, (c, d)): (i32, u32, (bool, bool)) = Default::default();
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Making your own:

enum Kind {
    A,
    B,
    C,
}

impl Default for Kind {
    fn default() -> Self { Kind::A }
}
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Implementors§

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impl Default for &str

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impl Default for &CStr

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impl Default for &mut str

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impl Default for bool

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impl Default for char

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impl Default for f32

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impl Default for f64

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impl Default for i8

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impl Default for i16

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impl Default for i32

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impl Default for i64

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impl Default for i128

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impl Default for isize

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impl Default for u8

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impl Default for u16

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impl Default for u32

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impl Default for u64

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impl Default for u128

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impl Default for ()

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impl Default for usize

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impl Default for Error

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impl Default for SipHasher

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impl Default for PhantomPinned

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impl Default for RangeFull

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impl Default for AtomicBool

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impl Default for AtomicI8

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impl Default for AtomicI16

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impl Default for AtomicI32

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impl Default for AtomicI64

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impl Default for AtomicIsize

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impl Default for AtomicU8

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impl Default for AtomicU16

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impl Default for AtomicU32

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impl Default for AtomicU64

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impl Default for AtomicUsize

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impl Default for Duration

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impl<A: Default, B: Default> Default for Chain<A, B>

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impl<H> Default for BuildHasherDefault<H>

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impl<I> Default for Flatten<I>where I: Default + Iterator<Item: IntoIterator>,

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impl<I: Default> Default for Cloned<I>

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impl<I: Default> Default for Copied<I>

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impl<I: Default> Default for Enumerate<I>

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impl<I: Default> Default for Fuse<I>

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impl<I: Default> Default for Rev<I>

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impl<Idx: Default> Default for Range<Idx>

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impl<T> Default for &[T]

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impl<T> Default for &mut [T]

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impl<T> Default for Option<T>

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impl<T> Default for [T; 0]

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impl<T> Default for [T; 1]where T: Default,

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impl<T> Default for [T; 2]where T: Default,

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impl<T> Default for [T; 3]where T: Default,

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impl<T> Default for [T; 4]where T: Default,

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impl<T> Default for [T; 5]where T: Default,

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impl<T> Default for [T; 6]where T: Default,

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impl<T> Default for [T; 7]where T: Default,

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impl<T> Default for [T; 8]where T: Default,

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impl<T> Default for [T; 9]where T: Default,

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impl<T> Default for [T; 10]where T: Default,

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impl<T> Default for [T; 11]where T: Default,

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impl<T> Default for [T; 12]where T: Default,

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impl<T> Default for [T; 13]where T: Default,

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impl<T> Default for [T; 14]where T: Default,

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impl<T> Default for [T; 15]where T: Default,

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impl<T> Default for [T; 16]where T: Default,

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impl<T> Default for [T; 17]where T: Default,

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impl<T> Default for [T; 18]where T: Default,

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impl<T> Default for [T; 19]where T: Default,

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impl<T> Default for [T; 20]where T: Default,

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impl<T> Default for [T; 21]where T: Default,

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impl<T> Default for [T; 22]where T: Default,

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impl<T> Default for [T; 23]where T: Default,

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impl<T> Default for [T; 24]where T: Default,

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impl<T> Default for [T; 25]where T: Default,

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impl<T> Default for [T; 26]where T: Default,

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impl<T> Default for [T; 27]where T: Default,

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impl<T> Default for [T; 28]where T: Default,

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impl<T> Default for [T; 29]where T: Default,

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impl<T> Default for [T; 30]where T: Default,

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impl<T> Default for [T; 31]where T: Default,

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impl<T> Default for [T; 32]where T: Default,

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impl<T> Default for OnceCell<T>

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impl<T> Default for Empty<T>

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impl<T> Default for Iter<'_, T>

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impl<T> Default for IterMut<'_, T>

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impl<T> Default for AtomicPtr<T>

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impl<T, const LANES: usize> Default for Mask<T, LANES>where T: MaskElement, LaneCount<LANES>: SupportedLaneCount,

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impl<T, const N: usize> Default for Simd<T, N>where LaneCount<N>: SupportedLaneCount, T: SimdElement + Default,

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impl<T: Default + ?Sized> Default for ManuallyDrop<T>

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impl<T: Default + ?Sized> Default for Exclusive<T>

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impl<T: Default> Default for (T₁, T₂, …, Tₙ)

This trait is implemented for tuples up to twelve items long.

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impl<T: Default> Default for Cell<T>

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impl<T: Default> Default for LazyCell<T>

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impl<T: Default> Default for RefCell<T>

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impl<T: Default> Default for SyncUnsafeCell<T>

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impl<T: Default> Default for UnsafeCell<T>

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impl<T: Default> Default for Reverse<T>

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impl<T: Default> Default for Saturating<T>

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impl<T: Default> Default for Wrapping<T>

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impl<T: Default> Default for AssertUnwindSafe<T>

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impl<T: ?Sized> Default for PhantomData<T>